0:00 - Introduction
4:12 - Installing VMWare or VirtualBox
10:27 - Installing Linux
16:00 - Configuring VirtualBox
19:15 - Kali Linux Overview
22:45 - Sudo Overview
27:58 - Navigating the File System
46:10 - Users and Privileges
1:03:05 - Common Network Commands
1:11:32 - Viewing, Creating, and Editing Files
1:17:54 - Starting and Stopping Services
1:24:11 - Installing and Updating Tools
1:36:07 - Scripting with Bash
1:58:40 - Conclusion

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Hello everyone and welcome to this course on Linux for ethical hackers.

My name is Heath Adams, and I'm going to be your instructor for this course.

I am the business owner and CEO at TCM Security.

Part of what we do is penetration testing and ethical hacking.

So clients pay us to break into their network, so their web applications and sometimes even their buildings.

And we do that to find vulnerabilities before the bad people do.

The other side of our organization is that we are a training organization.

We have an academy called TCM Security Academy, and we teach people how to become ethical hackers.

At this point on the YouTube channel, we have well over 300, 000 subscribers.

We've taught well over a million people through our academy and other platforms.

So here's a little bit about me if you're interested in finding me on social media or any of our websites, you can.

And here's a little bit of the certifications that I have that are hacking related.

And in this course, we're going to be covering everything that we need to know to understand Linux as an ethical hacker.

So if you've never used Linux before, and you're looking into the field of ethical hacking, then this is going to be the course for you.

We're going to be covering how to install and run a version of Linux called Kali Linux.

And then we're going to talk through how to navigate the file system, how to use common network commands, how to create files, and view files and edit files and how to stop services, start services, how to install tools and how to write a script with bash scripting.

All this is very important because as an ethical hacker, you are going to be using Linux on a daily basis.

So it's important to know how to use Linux and if you've never done it before again, this is the course for you Now quickly switching over to YouTube.

I have taught this course before Now I taught this course 2 years ago, and I provided that course for free to free code camp.

I also actually taught a ethical hacking course for them a couple years ago and provided that to their YouTube channel.

Since then, we have launched our academy, our YouTube channel has blown up and we are self sufficient on our own channel.

To the point now we're putting up updated materials such as this ethical hacking course and this open source intelligence course and now this Linux course for 2022.

So if you're asking what the big differentiator is between the old courses and the new ones, is that these are incredibly up to date.

In this course, we're going to be using Kali 2022.2, which is the very latest edition of Kali Linux.

Last thing to mention before we jump into the course is that this course does belong as part of a larger course at our TCM Security Academy.

If you scroll down, we do have courses on all kinds of things.

If you are interested in a full on Linux course, we've got courses on Python as well.

The Linux for Ethical Hackers actually is part of the Practical Ethical Hacking course, which is a 25 hour long course on ethical hacking.

So if you find that you really enjoyed this course and you want to learn more about ethical hacking, please do consider coming and checking out our practical ethical hacking course on the academy and any of our great other courses that we have here.

And please do consider subscribing to the channel.

They help with providing the free content and getting awareness out there for the ethical hacking field and helping get people into the career of cybersecurity.

If you're watching 1 of our videos, all you have to do is come here and hit subscribe and then you will get notified anytime we release new content such as awesome courses like this 1.

So without further ado, let's go ahead and jump right into the course.

All right, so in order to be successful in this course, we are going to be utilizing what is called a virtual machine.

Now, virtual machines are known as VMs for short, and a VM is just a machine on top of a machine.

And to give you an example, I'm actually running this Windows 10 instance that you see here on top of my Windows 10 instance.

So here you can see if I scroll up that I have a Windows 10 machine.

I also have a Linux machine sitting here.

If I were to de maximize this, you can see that I'm actually running here a Windows machine in the back.

This is my wife and I and you come through here, we just blow it back up and we're back inside of our machine.

So a virtual machine is just a machine inside of a machine.

So what we're going to be doing is we're going to be utilizing this to build out labs.

That way, we don't have to actually have a bunch of hardware, we can just use this for our course and run what we need to on top of our own machine already.

So if you are only utilizing something like 8 gigabytes of RAM, then you might have some issues with this, but you can still follow along.

When we get into the Active Directory portion, you might run into issues if you do not have at least 16 gigabytes of RAM to utilize.

But we'll worry about that when we get there, there are still plenty of ways to follow along throughout this whole course.

So another thing to note is that I use VM every single day, this machine that you see here is actually my day to day pen testing machine.

So I run a Kali Linux instance on top of my Windows machine and utilize that to do penetration testing.

So I'm going to demonstrate that to you and how we're going to build out our labs with that.

And a lot of us in the industry run through VMs as opposed to running it directly on metal or on a machine.

So in order to utilize virtual machines, we first need some sort of virtual machine software to play these.

So there are 2 different ways that we can do this.

If you are on a Windows machine or a Linux machine, you can utilize VMware Workstation Player.

Now if you type in VMware Workstation Player in Google, the first 1 here that says Download VMware Workstation Player, you just click on that.

And if you are in a Mac environment, you're going to be utilizing Oracle VirtualBox.

So if you type in Oracle VirtualBox, you come here and you go to downloads, you have your option there as well.

So In this course, I will be using VMware Workstation Player.

I'm going to be running it on top of Windows.

If you are using Mac, that is absolutely fine.

You're going to be following along just the same.

All you need to be able to do is follow the same instructions that I give you and you will be a okay.

So if you scroll down here, you can see try workstation player for Windows or try workstation player for Linux, go ahead and just select download now, that should bring up a download and go ahead and save it.

If you're doing VirtualBox, go ahead and download for OS X, I will download the Windows version just so that we can we could see what that looks like as well so I'll save both of these.

So let's view our downloads and we've got VMware Workstation Player here.

I'm gonna go ahead and open this 1 and we're going to install this.

So next, accept the agreement, possibly give away our first child.

Yeah, we should go ahead and install the enhanced keyboard driver while we have this.

And then we don't need to join any improvement programs or check for product update, that's okay.

We will install desktop, start menu, you check your preferences as you like it.

I'm just going to install this and this should just finish here in just a second.

Okay then you'll be brought to this screen once everything's done.

It should take about a minute or 2 and we're going to go ahead and hit finish.

And it's going to want a restart to take effect.

You can go ahead and restart your system.

Let's go ahead and install VirtualBox if you are a Mac user.

And again, very point and click with the installation.

Select install and any options that do pop up.

And then we can start Oracle VM if we want.

And let's see if we can start the VMware player here, even though we need to restart.

And this is what VMware Workstation Player looks like.

So here you can see that we have virtual machines, we can create new virtual machines, open ones, etc.

So again, if you are using Windows or Linux, this is probably what your view is going to look like for the rest of the time.

If you are using Oracle on a Mac, this is what your view is going to look like.

Another side pro tip here is that I am using Workstation Pro and I might utilize this in some instances throughout the course.

Other instances, I'll be utilizing the Workstation Player.

They are not much of a difference, especially in the beginning.

When we get into the Active Directory portion, it might actually be worth it for you all to download the VMware Pro trial because the trial is 30 days and you can utilize that to get through some sections and actually have nice little windows here to to be clean and just have a pro edition.

You can do everything that I'm going to show you in the course on the player.

It just is that you have to open if you want to run more than 1 machine, you'll just have to reopen the VMware Workstation player several times to run multiple machines, but that's okay.

It just won't look like this nice clean layout where you can transfer between machines like I can do just here.

So with that being said, let's go ahead and move on to the next video, we're going to be installing Kali Linux onto our VMware workstation player.

Now that we've installed VMware or VirtualBox, we need to install Linux.

be using a version of Linux called Kali Linux throughout this course.

This version of Linux is a Debian based distribution, which is geared towards ethical hacking and penetration testing.

So it's a special version of Linux that allows us to have all the tools in 1 place that will allow us to hack without having to download these tools and install them on our own custom Linux distribution.

So it's all kind of nicely built into 1 package.

So if you go out to Google and you type in Kali Linux download, you should see this link.

I'll put the link in the description below as well, but you should just be able to go to get Kali right here.

And you're going to be presented with a couple of options here.

We're going to be using a virtual machine in this course, so we're just going to go ahead and click on this virtual machine option.

And that's going to take us down just a little bit here.

What you're going to do is you're going to download the respective version that you need.

So if you need VMware, you download VMware.

If you're using VirtualBox, go ahead and download the VirtualBox 1.

Now they have a direct download, which is a 7-zip, and they also have a torrent if you know how to torrent.

What you're going to do is go ahead and download the file that you need.

And while you're doing that, if you do choose to download directly, you're also going to need a tool called 7-zip or a way to unzip this file.

While it's downloading, let's also go ahead and navigate to 7-zip.

So if you go to Google and you look at 7-zip, you'll see this page here comes up.

In here, you're going to download the file that is for your respective system.

I would download this executable right here.

Now if you're running on Linux, here's where you download Linux.

If you're running on Mac OS, here's where you download from Mac OS.

I've already got this installed, but what you need to do is just download this and literally click next through it.

Once that is installed, 7-zip that is, and once you have the actual Kali image downloaded, go ahead and unpause the video.

Okay so your next step should look something like this.

You should see a folder located in there.

And the easiest thing is to just drag and drop this.

You can also right click and extract if you know where you want to extract it.

I'm just going to grab this and I'm going

to take a minute here, just a few seconds honestly, to unzip.

The file size of this 1, at least for the VMware version, is around 11 gigabytes or 11 gigabytes exactly unzipped.

So make sure you have the space on your hard drive in order to do this.

Now, once you have it unzipped, you can go ahead and just double click in here.

If you have VMware installed, you can actually just double click on this VMX file and that should open things up for you.

I'm just going to show you the other way around doing this as well.

So with VMware Workstation Player open, what you're going to want to do is go to Open a Virtual Machine.

And in the folder that you have, you should see this VMX file as well.

Again, you could double click it or you could just open it through this.

What's going to happen is it's going to open that file here and you're going to want to edit this virtual machine settings.

Once you have it loaded, click on Edit Virtual Machine Settings.

And in here, we're going to want to first change the amount of RAM that we have.

If you have like 8 gigs of RAM or maybe even 16 gigs of RAM You might want to try leaving it at 2 at first I'm gonna bump mine up to 4 gigs, which is 4096 and I have a hundred and 28 gigs of RAM so I have more than enough space to allocate for this.

But again, if you're on like 8 gigs of RAM, probably not the best idea to jack this up beyond 2.

Honestly, I would try it at 1, maybe 2, see how it works.

The other thing you're going to want to make sure of is that you're running on NAT network.

So if you click on Network Adapter, make sure that it says NAT and that's selected.

Once that's selected, go ahead and hit OK.

And then you're just going to hit Play Virtual Machine.

When it asks you what to do, just say I copied it.

Now from here it's going to take a minute for this to load.

Once you are presented with the login screen, go ahead and unpause the video, but until then pause and I'll meet you back when you're at the login screen.

I'm going to make this a little bit bigger just so we can see.

And from here, what I'm going to do is I'm just going to type in the username of Kali, K-A-L-I, and the password of Kali, K-A-L-I.

And if you see this screen, congratulations, you have successfully installed Kali Linux and you now have it up and running.

In later videos, we're gonna cover what we're gonna be doing and how to use this and how to use Linux and all this.

You've got Linux installed, and we're gonna pause here and move on to the next video.

Okay, so this video pertains to some updates we need to make to VirtualBox for quality of life.

So if you're not using VirtualBox, you can go ahead and skip this video.

If you are, buckle in, we just need to do a couple of quick updates and then we should be good for the rest of the course.

So go ahead and go out to Google and Google VirtualBox extension pack.

What it's going to bring up is just the downloads page of VirtualBox.

And on this page, if you look kind of towards the middle, you'll see that there is a Virtual Box extension pack here.

We're going to just click all supported platforms and that will automatically download the file that we need.

So once that is downloaded, and pause if you need to, go ahead and open VirtualBox.

And you can come in here and up at the top, we're gonna go ahead and click on Preferences.

And from here, we are interested in extensions.

See extensions right here, go ahead and click on that.

There's a little plus sign, we're gonna Go ahead and click on that.

We're going to go ahead and click on that.

And then you should have your downloads right here.

So we're going to take the downloads and just go ahead and install that.

Hit install, read this, give away your firstborn, accept all the terms, and you should be good.

The second thing we need to do is we need to come to the 1 tab up here above, which is network.

We're gonna go ahead and hit the network button or this add button.

We're going to add what is called a NAT network.

Okay, and we're going to come in here and we're going to double click.

And you can go ahead and keep these defaults.

I'm going to actually change them to 192.168.57.0.

Because that's what's going to be used through the rest of the course.

And that is what the cider notation of my Kali machine and my key optics, which we'll see later, etc, all fell into this 57.0.

So we're gonna go ahead and keep it on this NAT network.

And then for a machine, and make sure any machine that you use, again, any machine that you use in this course, make sure you set it to NAT network if you're using VirtualBox.

So you can come in here, click on a machine like this mail machine I have here, you can just click on that settings, go to network.

And then you can go ahead and just go to NAT network.

All right, and that name right here, you see name NAT network, that's all we're going to use, that'll automatically set it up.

So when you have a Kali machine running later, and you have Keoptrix or another box running, or even when we build out an Active Directory lab, you need to make sure that you're running that net network so that all the machines are on the same subnet.

If you don't, you might run into a situation where the same IP comes up for the same machine, and then they're conflicting with each other, or you get on different networks, and some weird stuff happens.

So make sure, again, that it's imperative that you're setting that net network for every single machine that you're setting up.

So with that said, we're gonna go ahead and move on to the next video in this section.

The first thing I'd like to do before we get started with any commands or anything like that, just take a look around Kali Linux and kind of demonstrate why a pentester ethical hacker might use this distribution of Linux.

Now throughout the course, as stated in the last video, you might see a different version of this pop up as I recorded videos on some of the older versions, everything should still work just as is, you just might see a different look and feel to some of the Kali interface.

But all the commands I'm going to show you, everything that we do is going to be the same.

So let's take a look and just explore Kali Linux just for a bit.

So if we come up here into the corner, and we just click on the little Kali logo.

You can see that we have nice things broken out for us.

So we've got these favorites up here, which we have our terminal, which we're going to be living in.

Essentially, we've got a text editor, we've got a web browser, which is basically Firefox.

We've got some other tools down here, docs, etc.

The other thing that we can come scroll through is we can see that we have different applications in here.

If we look at the different sections, these kind of go in order, which we haven't covered quite yet, But in the order of how a hack might go down, so information gathering is usually the first step, you can come in here, look through this.

And here's a bunch of tools related to information gathering, you can even click into these and go deeper if you wanted to related to specific things.

So DNS, or SMB, or open source intelligence, all of this that's in here, this is just built in tools.

So let's say we're coming in here, we want to do a wireless attack, well, we go to wireless tax, got a bunch of tools already built in.

So Kali Linux is just essentially a ethical hacking distribution of Linux.

So if you've ever used something like Ubuntu or anything along those lines of a Debian distribution, this is all going to feel really familiar to you with just a bunch of tools built in on top of it.

So fairly straightforward, they do have some nice tools in here, you can come through and utilize these.

And we're going to take a look at that as we go.

Okay, so the next thing that we're going to do is in throughout the rest of this course is start looking at the terminal.

So if you come up here, you'll see that we have a terminal.

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Linux for Ethical Hackers (2022 - Full Kali Linux Course)