If valuation is a craft, there is no better company to hone that craft on than Tesla. I have valued Tesla almost every year since 2013, and while I have been woefully wrong on occasion, I return to the scene of the crime, to do it again. I review my 2013 valuation of Tesla briefly, before looking at lessons learned in subsequent valuations (story stock in 2016, corporate teenage in 2019, trillion-dollar wonder in 2021 and back-to-earth in January 2023). I then look at what this year has brought for Tesla, both in the market (a soaring first half of 2023, followed by stumbles in the second half) as well as as news (earnings reports and news stories). I focus in on three big news stories - the price cuts, the much-debated advances in FSD and the Cybertruck, and use those stories to reframe the valuation of the company, breaking it down into four businesses (auto, energy, software and robotaxi). With pathways (optimistic, albeit plausible) pathways to success in each business, I estimate a value per share of about $180. Needless to say, you will disagree with me on almost every part of my story, but use the spreadsheet which is attached to make it your own. 
Slides: https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/pdfiles/blog/TeslaOct2023.pdf
Blog Post: https://aswathdamodaran.blogspot.com/2023/11/tesla-story-turns-and-twists.html
Valuation of Tesla: https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/pc/blog/Tesla2023OctDIY.xlsx

A Tesla Revisit: Story Twists and Turns with Value Consequences

At the start the 2023, the conventional wisdom was that 2023 would be trying year for stocks and bonds, not only because both asset classes were coming off a terrible year in 2022, but also because inflation looked untamable and the economy seemed to be headed into a recession. It should come as no surprise that markets surprised investors on almost every front: stocks surged in 2023, interest rates leveled off and the economy held its own. In this session, I take stock at the half-way point of the year to look at how stock returns varied across regions, sectors and stock classes and note that almost all of the rise in markets has come from large cap, money-making companies, with the tech giants leading the way. I also look at what the rest of the year looks likely to deliver, providing tentative (sorry, but my macro forecasting skills are lousy) views on inflation and the economy, and a measure of the intrinsic value of the S&P 500 on July 1, 2023. (No suspense: Given earnings forecasts for the index and current interest rates, stocks are close to fairly priced). 
If you have trouble downloading the files linked below, try a different browser.
Blog Post: https://aswathdamodaran.blogspot.com/2023/07/market-resilience-or-investors-in.html
Slides: https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/pdfiles/blog/Midyear2023.pdf
Valuation Spreadsheet for valuing the S&P 500: https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/pc/blog/S&P500ValueJuly2023.xlsx

Aswath Damodaran Transcript on Youtube

A Tesla Revisit: Story Twists and Turns with Value Consequences

Investor Resilience or In Denial: A Look Back at the First Half of 2023